UTP Wire Cabling

UTP Local Area Network Standart Cabling

LAN or Local Area Network cabling is easy to do but we must be careful when doing it, because its affect to the data transfer if we connected to another PC. LAn have standart cabling, so it could be used or manage by the other person that continued from people who first installed LAN. I have several refference tomake LAN cabling from many resources on internet, so be learned it. Ok, lets start, LAN cable called UTP short from Unshielded Twisted Pair. The normal colour coding for category 5 cables (4 pair) based on the two standards supported by TIA/EIA. There is two cabling system, straight and cross cabling, cross cabling used if you want to connect between one pc to another pc and connected one switch hub to ancther switch hub. Straight cable used when you want to connect one pc to switch hub. Like you show in thi picture of diagram

The various standards can get a tad complicated and messy. We get occasional email requesting a summary of the standards - this is our attempt to provide a quick overview.

Standard	Required Pairs	10M	100M	1000M	Notes
10base-T	2 (1/2 and 3/6)	yes	yes	no	100m support only if no cat 3/4 in run
100base-TX	2 (1/2 and 3/6)	yes	yes	no	100m support only if no cat 3/4 in run
100base-T4	4 (1/2, 3/6, 4/5 and 7/8)	yes	yes	yes
1000base-T	4 (1/2, 3/6, 4/5 and 7/8)	yes	yes	yes	Functionally identical to 100base-T4

These standards apply to the color code used within any SINGLE cable run - BOTH ENDS MUST USE THE SAME STANDARD. However, since they both use the same pinout at the connectors you can mix 568A and 568B cables in any installation.

Straight cables are used to connect PCs or other equipment to a HUB or Switch. If your connection is PC to PC or HUB to HUB you MUST use a Crossed cable.

The following cable description is for the wiring of both ends (RJ45 Male connectors) with the 568B category 5(e) wiring colors you could, of course, use the 568A colour scheme.

Pin No.	strand color	Name
1	white and orange	TX+
2	orange	TX-
3	white and green	RX+
4	NC	*
5	NC	*
6	green	RX-
7	NC	*
8	NC	*

NOTE: Items marked * are not necessary for 10M LANs (10base-T) but since you will be moving shortly to 100MB LANs (won't you) you will save yourself a LOT OF TIME finding crappy cable (that you made) that does not work. Instead we suggest you wire to 100Base-T4 standards. After all you gotta stick the ends somewhere man.

We use BLUE for 10base-T straight cables. NOTE: All our wiring is now done to the 100base-T4 spec which you can use with 10base-T networks - but NOT necessarily the other way around.

10baseT Crossed cable (PC to PC or HUB to HUB)

Crossed cables are used to connect PCs to one other PC or to connect a HUB to a HUB. Crossed cables are sometimes called Crossover, Patch or Jumper cables. If your connection is PC to HUB you MUST use a Straight cable.

The following description shows the wiring at both ends (male RJ45 connectors) of the crossed cable.

One end RJ45 Male	Other end RJ45 Male
1	3
2	6
3	1
4 *	5 *
5 *	4 *
6	2
7 *	8 *
8 *	7 *

NOTES:

1. Items marked * are not necessary for 10M LANs but since you will be moving shortly to 100MB LANs (won't you) you will save yourself a LOT OF TIME finding crappy cable (that you made) that does not work. Instead we suggest you wire to 100BaseT standards.
2. We use RED for crossed cables (or more commonly now a red heat-shrink collar at each end).
3. All our crossed wiring is done to the 100base-T4 spec which you can use with 10baseT networks - but NOT always the other way around.

100base-T Straight Cable (PC to HUB/SWITCH)

Straight cables are used to connect PCs or other equipment to a HUB or Switch. If your connection is PC to PC or HUB to HUB you MUST use a Crossed cable.

The following cable description is for the wiring of BOTH ends (RJ45 Male connectors) with your category 5 wiring colors (TIA/EIA 568A or 568B though the example uses 568B colors).

Pin No.	conductor color	Name
1	white and orange	TX_D1+
2	orange	TX_D1-
3	white and green	RX_D2+
4	blue	BI_D3+ **
5	white and blue	BI_D3- **
6	green	RX_D2-
7	white and brown	BI_D4+ **
8	brown	BI_D4- **

We use BLUE for 100baseT straight cables.

NOTES:

1. Wires marked ** are ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY for 100Base-T4 networks - used when any combination of category 3/4/5 cables are present, when using 1000base-T and MAY be required for Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) - see below.

2. Wires marked ** are not essential for 100Base-TX (using cat 5/5e ONLY cables) and CAN be used for other purposes, for example, telephony but, .. beware .. read this FAQ and our LAN plus Telephony article before you wire your entire neighbourhood for surround sound.

3. The Power-over-Ethernet spec (802.3af) allows three schemes where power may be supplied. Two of these schemes use pairs 4,5 and 7,8 (marked ** in above table) for power (called Midspan PSE and Alternative B or Mode B), one scheme uses ONLY pairs 1,2 and 3,6 (Endpoint PSE, Alternative A or Mode A) for both signals and power. Depending on which scheme you use pairs 4,5 and 7,8 may be required.

4. Gigabit Ethernet requires all 4 pairs (8 conductors).

5. All our wiring is now done to the 100base-T4 spec which you can use with 10baseT networks - but NOT the other way around.

00base-T Crossed cable (PC to PC or HUB to HUB)

Crossed cables are used to connect PCs to one other PC or to connect a HUB to a HUB. Crossed cable are sometimes called Crossover, Patch or Jumper cables. If your connection is PC to HUB you MUST use a Straight cable.

The following description shows the wiring at both ends (male RJ45 connectors) of the crossed cable. Note: The diagrams below shows crossing of all 4 pairs and allows for the use of cat3/4 cables with 100m LANs (100base-T4). Pairs 4,5 and 7,8 do not NEED to be crossed in 100base-TX wiring. See notes below.

We use RED for crossed cables (or more commonly now a red heat-shrink collar at each end).

NOTES:

1. All our crossed wiring is now done to the 100base-T4 spec (uses all 4 pairs, 8 conductors) which you can use with 10base-T networks - but NOT necessarily the other way around.
2. Many commercial 100m LAN cables seem not to cross pairs 4,5 and 7,8. If there is no cat3/4 wiring in the network this perfectly acceptable.
3. Gigabit Ethernet uses all 4 pairs so requires the full 4 pair (8 conductor) cross configuration (shown above).
4. If you are using Power-over-Ethernet (802.3af) then Mode A or Alternative A uses pairs 1,2 and 3,6 for both signals and power. Mode B or alternative B uses 4,5 and 7,8 to carry power. In all cases the spec calls for polarity insensitive implementation (using a diode bridge) and therefore crossing or not crossing pairs 4,5 and 7,8 will have no effect.

1000base-T Gigabit Ethernet

1000base-T is the copper based version of the gigabit Ethernet standard defined by 802.3ab which, since it is over 6 months old, is available free of charge from the enlightened IEEE. Great work. In passing, if you want to see sophistry raised to an art form read the EIA's justification for charging for their specifications. The following notes apply to the 1000base-T spec:

1. The standard defines auto-negotiation of speed between 10, 100 and 1000 Mbit/s so the speed will fall to the maximum supported by both ends - ensuring inter-working with existing installations.

2. The cable specification base-line is ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A-1995 (which you have to pay for). This means that if you know your cat5 cable was manufactured to this standard (there was a lower spec 1991 version of this specification) then it will support Gigabit Ethernet. Cat5 cable manufactured to the old specification may work or it may not - you need to run some tests. Cat5e and cat6 being higher spec cables will clearly support Gigabit Ethernet.

3. Maximum runs are the standard 100m (~300ft).

4. Gigabit Ethernet uses all 4 pairs (8 conductors). The transmission scheme is radically different (PAM-5 a 5 level amplitude modulation scheme) and each conductor is used for send and receive.

5. Crossed Gigabit Ethernet cables must cross all 4 pairs.

Ok i thing thats quite enough for us to learn standart wiring of LAN, hope it a little help you. I got many resources refferences from internet such like www.zytrax.com, thx for the article and hope you let me to make it as my refference. Thx again